INTRODUCTION:

The digital era has led to a rise in screen-based activities, which has increased screen time and possibly caused eye strain. The term "CVS" describes a range of visual and ocular symptoms that can impact individuals of different ages and occupations.

In the digital age, computer vision syndrome - which is defined by a range of ocular and visual symptoms brought on by extended screen time - has gained significant attention. An increasing number of people are spending longer periods of time in front of computers, cellphones, and other digital devices, making the effect of CVS on visual health a public health concern. The purpose of this review is to clarify the different aspects of CVS, including its description, frequency, causes, and related health consequences. We want to provide a thorough overview that can educate the public and healthcare professionals by exploring the complex interactions between technology and ocular health.

What is Computer vision syndrome (CVS) ?

The WHO may describe CVS as "a collection of symptoms related to eye and vision discomfort that result from prolonged use of digital devices."

World Health Organization (WHO):

Prevalence and Impact:

The research indicates that a considerable portion of the populace experiences symptoms linked to chronic fatigue syndrome (CVS). Many computer users report symptoms like headaches, dry eyes, eye strain, and blurred vision, however the frequency of these complaints varies among studies. CVS has the potential to affect productivity, work performance, and overall quality of life.

Factors Affecting the Development of CVS: A number of factors are involved in the development of CVS.

1. Extended Screen Time: Constantly using digital screens for extended periods of time can cause eye strain and pain in the eyes.

2. Emission of Blue Light: Blue light from digital devices can cause eye strain and disrupt sleep-wake cycles.

3. Poor Ergonomics: Using digital gadgets while adopting an improper or incorrect posture can lead to back, shoulder, and neck pain.

4. Screen Glare: Inadequate lighting and screen glare can make it difficult to concentrate on the screen, which can lead to eye strain.

5. Decreased Blink Rate: People who stare at screens typically blink less, which can lead to dry eyes.

6. Uncorrected Vision Issues: Individuals who already have vision issues but do not wear glasses to rectify them may experience increased stress.

Clinical Manifestations:

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) manifests with:

· Eye Strain: Discomfort, tiredness, and difficulty focusing.

· Dry Eyes: Irritation, burning, or a gritty sensation.

· Headaches: Often starting around the eyes and forehead.

· Blurred Vision: Temporary blurring after prolonged screen use.

· Double Vision: Seeing two images of a single object.

· Light Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light.

· Neck and Shoulder Pain: Discomfort due to poor ergonomics.

· Difficulty in Concentration: Reduced ability to focus on tasks.

· Color Perception Issues: Alterations in color perception.

· Tearing: Excessive tearing or watery eyes.

· General Fatigue: Overall tiredness associated with prolonged screen use.

Management and prevention:

There are several ways to lessen and avoid CVS, including:

1. The 20-20-20 Rule: 20 feet away, take a 20-second break every 20 minutes to gaze at an object.

2. Proper Lighting and Glare Control: Ascertain that the space is adequately lit, and minimise glare from screens.

3. Ergonomic Workspace: Make sure the chair and monitor are at the proper height, and that the wrist and back support are suitable.

4. Blue Light Filters: You may want to consider donning blue light filters on screens or wearing specific glasses.

5. Practice Blinking: Keep your eyes moist by blinking often.

6. Vision Correction: wear the appropriate corrective glasses if you have refractive errors that need to be fixed.

7. Screen Distance and Angle: Take acceptable breaks from and angles at which you see screens.

8. Regular Eye Exams: Regular eye exams can assist in identifying and addressing vision problems.

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, computer vision syndrome is a prevalent issue that is associated with prolonged screen use. By acknowledging the impact of digital technology on visual comfort and implementing the appropriate strategies, symptoms can be minimized and overall visual well-being can be enhanced.

REFERENCES:

1. Sheppard, A. L., Wolffsohn, J. S. Digital eye strain: prevalence, measurement and amelioration. BMJ Open Ophthalmology. 2018; 3(1): e000146.

2. Veerabhadrappa G Mendagudli. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS): A Brief Overview. International Journal of Nursing Education and Research. 2023; 11(4): 333-4. doi: 10.52711/2454-2660.2023.00075 Available on: https://www.ijneronline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2023-11-4-14

3. Portello, J. K., Rosenfield, M., and Bababekova, Y. Computer-related visual symptoms in office workers. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics. 2013; 33(3): 352-358.

4. Rosenfield, M. Computer vision syndrome (a.k.a. digital eye strain). Optometry in Practice. 2016; 17(1): 1-10.

Received on 15.01.2024 Modified on 31.01.2024

Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2024; 12(1):39-40.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2652.2024.00009